Energy System: All Need To Know About Biogas

Energy System: All Need To Know About Biogas

 

Energy system there are many renewable energy sources beyond what we know as wind, solar, geothermal, hydraulic, etc. Today we are going to analyze and learn a renewable energy source, perhaps not as well known as the rest, but as a great energy system. It's about biogas.

Biogas is a powerful gas extracted from organic waste. In addition to its many benefits, it is a form of the clean and renewable energy system. Do you want to know more about biogas?

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• 1 Biogas properties
• 2 How biogas is produced
• 3 energy potential
• 4 History of Biogas
• 5 What is Biodigaster?
• 6 biogas applications today

Biogas properties

Biogas is a gas that is produced in the natural environment or a specific device. It is the product of the biodegradation reaction of organic matter. These are usually produced by land as all the deposited organic matter is degraded. When organic matter is said to be exposed to external agents, it is reduced by methanogenic bacteria (bacteria that do not have oxygen and feed on methane gas) and other factors.

 

 

In environments where oxygen does not exist and these bacteria eat organic matter, their waste products are methane gas and CO2. Thus, biogas composition is a mixture made up of 40% and 70% methane and the remaining CO2. It contains other small gaseous ratios such as hydrogen (H2), nitrogen (N2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) but they are not fundamental.

 

How biogas is produced

Biogas is produced by anaerobic digestion and is very useful for treating biodegradable waste, as it produces a high-value fuel and produces a stream that can be applied as a soil conditioner or generic compost.

With this gas electrical energy can be produced in different ways. The first is to use turbines to move gas and generate electricity. Another is the use of gas to create gas requirements in ovens, stoves, dryers, boilers, or other combustion systems.

As it is produced as a result of the decomposition of organic matter, it is considered a type of renewable energy capable of replacing fossil fuels. It allows you to gain as much energy as natural gas for cooking and heating. Similarly, biogas is connected to a generator and generates electricity through internal combustion engines.

Energy potential

So it can be said that biogas, like fossil fuel replacement, has potential because it must have great energy. With one cubic meter of biogas, it can produce light for up to 6 hours. The light produced can reach like a 60-watt bulb. You can run a frequent meter refrigerator, an incubator for 30 minutes, and an HP motor for 2 hours.

Thus, biogas is considered to be a powerful gas with incredible energy potential.

History of Biogas

The first sighting of this gas was 160,000 years ago when most scientists identified the gas as coming from the decomposition of organic matter.

Over the years, in 1890, it was built the first biodiesel where biogas was produced and it was in India. In 1896, the street lamps in Exeter, England, were powered by gas collected from digestion, which ignited the sled from the city's sewers.

When World War II ended, so-called biogas plants began to spread throughout Europe. The biogas was made in this factory for use in automobiles of the time. Impossible tanks are known to be capable of treating sewage and stimulating organic matter to produce biogas. The gas that was produced was used for driving trees, for municipal vehicles, and in some cities for injection into gas networks.

The spread of biogas was hampered by easy access and performance of fossil fuels and, after the energy crisis of the '70s, biogas research and development resumed in all countries of the world, focusing more and more on Latin American countries.

Over the past 20 years, there have been significant developments in the development of biogas, thanks to the discovery of microorganisms and biochemical processes at work, and the investigation into the behavior of microorganisms that interfere with microbial conditions.

What is Biodigaster?

Biodigesters are variants, hermetic and waterproof containers where organic matter is stored and allowed to decompose and produce organic matter. Biodigesters must be closed and hermetic so that anaerobic bacteria can work and reduce organic matter. Methanogenic bacteria only grow in environments without oxygen.

These reactors have dimensions of more than one cubic meter of capacity and they operate under conditions of mesophilic temperature (between 20 and 40 degrees) and thermophilic (above 40 degrees).

Organic matter is extracted from landfills where the layers of organic matter fill and close, creating an oxygen-free environment where methanogenic bacteria degrade organic matter and generate biogas extracted through conductive tubes.

The advantages of biodigesters over other power generation facilities are that they have less environmental impact and do not require highly skilled workers.

Germany, China, and India are some of the leading countries in introducing such technologies. Latin America, Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Bolivia have made significant progress in their inclusion.

Biogas application today

In Latin America, biogas is used for storage in Argentina. Steerage is the residue that is produced in the industrialization of sugarcane and under aerobic conditions, it decomposes and generates biogas.

The number of biodigesters in the world is still not very high. There are only 130 biodigesters in Europe. However, it acts like other renewable energy fields, such as solar and wind, meaning that technological discoveries and developments reduce production costs and improve the reliability of biogas generation. Thus, it is believed that they will have a wide field in the future.

The application of biogas in rural areas was crucial. The former has worked to produce energy and organic fertilizer for farmers in the most marginal areas who have little access to energy and conventional sources of energy.

Technology has been developed in rural areas that can achieve and operate digests with minimal cost. The energy that needs to be produced is not so much in urban areas, so it is not so conditional that its efficiency is high.

Today another area for which biogas is used is in the agriculture and agro-industrial sector. The purpose of biogas in this sector is to supply energy and solve serious pollution problems. Contamination of organic matter can be better controlled with biodegrades. These biodigesters have more efficiency in addition to higher efficiency costs and their application involves more complex maintenance and operation systems.

Recent advances in adjustment equipment have allowed for more efficient use of the produced gas and uninterrupted advances in fermentation techniques have ensured sustainable development in this area.

When this type of technology is integrated, the products that are released into the city's sewer network must be exclusively organic. Otherwise, digestion operations may be impaired and biogas production difficult. This has happened in several countries and biodigesters have been abandoned.

Sanitary landfill is a very widespread practice around the world. The goal of this exercise is to generate large amounts of waste in large cities by initiative and with the help of modern technology it is possible to extract and refine the produced methane gas and this created serious problems decades ago. Problems such as plant deaths, odors, and possible explosions near the hospital.

Advances in biogas extraction strategies have allowed many cities around the world, such as Santiago de Chile, to use biogas in urban centers as a power source in the natural gas distribution network.

Biogas has great prospects for the future, as it is a renewable, clean energy that helps eliminate pollution and waste treatment problems. In addition, it makes a positive contribution to agriculture, providing by-products as organic fertilizers that contribute to product life cycles and crop fertility.